sufism

So invoking Sufism as somehow transcending or negating these divisions misunderstands its historical development and position within Islamic tradition.

Maybe in some polytheistic branches of Islam such as sufism and so forth which were themselves influenced by hindu/christian/etc ideas.

A theory of why Sufism is popular is that it gives its followers pleasurable feelings (spinning in circles causes pleasure).

Your assessment doesn't add up, with all due respect, unless your claim is that your Sufism is the one true Islam.

India’s Advaita Vedanta, Ibn Arabi’s version of Sufism and even some sects of Hasidism all hold that everything is in God.

A dear friend was, if not a follower, at least quite friendly to sufism.

It is worth mentioning that Sufism is being subjected to discrimination as well as violence from Islamists of Shia and Sunni faction alike.

Many more recent Yemeni Zaydis even attacked Sufism because of the Arab nationalist movement and clashes with the Ottoman Turkish expansion in Yemen.

There are many paths to achieve this kind of good character, but in my (somewhat biased) opinion, Sufism is one of the most richly developed.

Dismissing the work of Western esotericism on the history of the West would be similar to dismissing Sufism on the history of the Middle East.

Moreover, Sufism historically developed within the framework of Sunni Islam, with most major turuq operating within Sunni legal schools and their founders being prominent Sunni scholars.

The mistake most people make, Muslim and non-Muslim, is to view Sufism as some sort of hippy feel-good Islam with less rules, less stricture, etc.

Plus the "Kadyrov Mosh" you mention is Sufi Zikr (trance-like prayer) - specifically Naqshabandi influenced Sufism.

That association may potentially create a bridge to other similar mystical contemplative traditions, nowadays sometimes labeled under the umbrella term "nonduality", which includes Zen, Advaita, Daoism, Sufism, among others.

Ahh, Sufism… shame it’s not as well known as the other branches on the tree of Islam.

The native Muslim tradition akin to what mindfulness meditation is doing would be Sufism.

But overall, the country has a large secular population (due to the Soviet Union) and the country practices a moderate form of Islam called Sufism.