vertebrates

In vertebrates, inter-aural time differences are known to be calculated in the superior olivary nucleus of the brainstem.

To use an analogy, it sounds roughly like the distinction between adaptive and innate immune systems in vertebrates.

The salinity of blood (1/4 saltwater) is not coincidental, vertebrates just took the ocean with them when they left it.

A trickier proposition would be whether all vertebrates do, that's a different level of debate entirely.

At some point a very long time ago vertebrates had very different designs from the contemporaries.

Among vertebrates, those creatures that demonstrate negligible senescence (tortoises) also demonstrate a lack of learning.

One of the copies has an amino acid that is absolutely conserved across all vertebrates substituted for a substantially different one.

The biomass of ants alone composes more than half that of all insects and exceeds that of all terrestrial nonhuman vertebrates combined.

Apparently mammals grew out of a evolutionary niche where this was important, and they generally only have two cones while other vertebrates have four.

Maybe, but either vertebrates or cephalopods have to have sub optimal design.

This split is apparently very old and evolved before vertebrates did.

Tetrapods (more properly terrestrial vertebrates, but to simplify things a little.

While this demonstrates that the locus of tympanic formation differs across vertebrates, the mechanism (fenestration and ossicles from mandibles) apparently remains the same - either way, I can't see how this is "case closed".

Not everything is bad enough to be worth labelling "bad" and anyone who thinks there is no difference between any ordinary decent person who does their best to behave honestly, and some bottom-feeding scum like this guy is so morally flaccid as to be an embarrassment to vertebrates everywhere.

However, few studies have evaluated discharges to embayments, where less dispersion of the discharge may occur, and the chronic impacts on demersal vertebrates, particularly those which have significant life history behaviors (i.e., reproduction, migration) driven by salinity variations." There are also many concerns with the effluent than just salinity.