nucleon

People observed that the nucleon/nucleon scattering length was surprisingly long for what they considered natural nuclear scales (or equivalently, that the deuteron was very weakly bound).

It is possible that the nuclei at the surface are iron, due to iron's high binding energy per nucleon.

Look at the binding energies [1]: the energy accessible by fissioning heavy elements is about 200 MeV -- 1 MeV per nucleon.

The museum has Buckminster Fuller's Dymaxion house, the Ford Nucleon (a nuclear-powered concept car) and the car JFK was in when he was shot.

Lead can make things worse because the nucleon can actually fission the lead atom emitting secondary radiation that is even worse than the original.

So fusion yields about 4.3 times more energy per nucleon.

This is what the OP is getting at when it talks about the distribution of energy levels of heavy nuclei, which are described by the Eigenvalues of a (more-or-less) random Hermitian operator because they contain enough particles that we can start doing statistical physics with them rather than worrying about each individual nucleon.

However, because of the movement of the quarks inside of a nucleon and of the electrons inside an atom, the neutralization of the charge is imperfect and there remain some residual forces of attraction, respectively strong and electromagnetic, which bind the nucleons into nuclei and the atoms into molecules.

The ratio of He/H in the early universe is therefore a sensitive measure of the denisty of the universe at the time of nucleon condensation, and we know the radius from the temperature, so we can calculate the total number of particles.

Because they are just residual forces, the binding forces between nucleons in a nucleus are much weaker than those between quarks in a nucleon, similarly to how the binding forces between atoms in a molecule are much weaker than those that bind most of the electrons to the nucleus in an atom.

The one exception is Jupiter, but that's the second deepest gravity well in the Solar System: Within the Solar System, the nucleon fraction of xenon is 1.56 × 10−8, for an abundance of approximately one part in 630 thousand of the total mass.[53] Xenon is relatively rare in the Sun's atmosphere, on Earth, and in asteroids and comets.

Elastic nucleon form factors ask more the "location".

But for what it's worth, I spent a good part of my physics career working in nucleon structure and have not run across the term "single minus amplitudes" in my memory.

> It makes more 56 nucleon containing things than anything else (aside from the super light stuff in the star that is too light to fuse) What is this "super light stuff" a reference to?

If you want to program the nucleons in the nucleus, you can switch your description to chiral perturbation theory[1], which is weakly coupled, but you need to be able to shoot individual pions at individual nuclei, which would be extremely difficult, and might require enough energy to liberate the target nucleon from the rest of the nucleus, anyway, destroying your "computer".

Nucleon orbitals rely a little on Pauli exclusion principle, which you need to add as an ad hoc hypothesis every time in classical physics.

One conceptual design I wish existed is the Ford Nucleon.