pappus

Of course, Pappus deserves credit for discovering in 300 AD, and the paper by the Goodmans is nice to have a general formal proof of.

A learning that kirigami parachute researches might apply: The dandelion pappus is less porous near the center and becomes more porous toward the outer edge.

How did Pappus figure out the centroid was distance to consider?

That bar is cleared by their contemporaries Pappus and Diophantus.

And someone mentions Pappus in the thread there.

He's Pappus in English, for what it's worth.

Your post goes a lot farther, but the Pappus Chains reminded me of the Method of Apollonius that I have used to generate nested yinyan symbols with JavaScript.

> Pappus merely says that the knowledge of irrational numbers originated in the Pythagorean school, and that the member who first divulged the secret perished by drowning.

We know almost nothing about Euclid: we can figure out when he was active to within a century or two, and according to Pappus writing 500 years later some of his students/followers lived in Alexandria where Apollonius studied with them.

If you're looking for where the 1/3 "comes from", I think using Pappus' second theorem[0] is the way to go.

A lower porosity near the central hub can increase shear flow, helping to detach and strengthen the vortex Furthermore, spiders which have been known to "balloon" on the wind even across entire oceans use multiple strands of silk which are negatively charged to repel each other, thus forming some of the same gaps that are seen in a dandelion pappus, with similar aerodynamic benefits.

Ex: He knew the intricacies of the analysis/synthesis method from Pappus, which most people barely know in the depth he knew of them.